
About HIV/AIDS: What is AIDS?
What is HIV?
HIV stands for human immunodeficiency virus. This is the virus that causes AIDS. HIV is different from most other viruses because it attacks the immune system. The immune system gives our bodies the ability to fight infections. HIV finds and destroys a type of white blood cell (T cells or CD4 cells) that the immune system must have to fight disease.
What is AIDS?
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is the term used to describe a wide range of illnesses that can result from the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). HIV damages the immune systems, the body's defense against disease and infection, making the body vulnerable to those illnesses. HIV infection is not now curable, and there is currently no vaccine against AIDS. But most of the illnesses resulting from HIV infection are curable, and some are preventable. Moreover, HIV infection itself is preventable.
What are the signs and symptoms of HIV/AIDS?
The only way to know whether you are infected is to be tested for HIV. You cannot rely on symptoms alone because many people who are infected with HIV do not have symptoms for many years. Someone can look and feel healthy but can still be infected. In fact, one quarter of the HIV-infected persons in the United States do not know that they are infected.
How is HIV transmitted?
HIV can be transmitted in four ways only:
- By having unprotected vaginal, anal or oral sex, e.g. sexual intercourse without a latex condom.
- By sharing needles or syringes.
- Via HIV infected blood or blood products.
- Via pregnancy, from an infected mother to her infant.
HIV is found in the following fluids: blood, semen (including pre-ejaculate fluid), vaginal secretions, and breast milk.
How is HIV NOT transmitted?
You cannot get AIDS from mosquitoes, tears, sharing towels, clothing, food or water; kissing; playing sports, or hugging.
What can I do about HIV and AIDS?
- Don't share needles or syringes.
- Don't have unprotected sex. Use a latex condom, or practice abstinence.
- Get tested for HIV. Learn your own HIV status.
- Volunteer to become a part of a local AIDS organization.
- Learn about HIV/AIDS. Learn more about safer sex and ways to prevent the spread of HIV. Get the most reliable up-to-date information you can.